The Causal Between Physical And Mental - 1629 Words

Our entire existence, both physical and mental are based on causally-connected events (Mackie, 1974). A causality is assumed when two contiguous events generate an effect. It is when a cause gives rise to an effect, a relationship between the two events is presumed as all events must occur through causes. Searching for a cause provides an explanation and an understanding of why events occur (Salmon, 1984). We are continually seeking a cause for physical events, in order to make sense of them. Understanding the causal relations between events has its advantages; allowing us to plan actions to achieve goals. It prompts us to behave in a way we expect to get our desired outcome. The underlying mechanism of causal inferences is unclear, some suggest it is embedded in our cognition (Sloman 2005), whilst others believe causality is all an illusion caused by visual perception (Mitchotte, 1945). Hume’s (1739) regularity theory of causation began the debate of physical events and mental inferences. Hume reasoned that if we perceive a causal relationship between two events, then one will be a cause which in turn will lead the other; the event. These connections are known as prioritistic rationalism, as Hume quoted â€Å"By experience only that we can infer the existence of one object from that of another†. Causal relationships are based on three factors; resemblance, contiguity and causality. The cause and effect of an event is governed by physics, for example; a ball striking intoShow MoreRelatedThe s Theory Of Biological Naturalism937 Words   |  4 Pagespaper I analyze the statement, â€Å"To me, the forest looks a deep shade of green,† from a functionalist perspective, and discuss how it provides a sufficient and an insufficient account of conscious mental phenomena. Functionalism claims that mental states are nothing but functional, causal relations between elements in the brain, such as beliefs and desires, and the external world. First, I analyze the given statement from a functionalist stance. Then, I discuss possible objections to functionalismRead MoreIn The Philosophy Of Mind, One Of The Most Prominent Philosophical955 Words   |  4 Pages by itself, is the theory that reality consists of only one kind of substance. Likewise, Anomalous Monism theorized and developed by Donald Davidson in his work, Mental Events, proposes that reality consists of one kind of substance, namely, physical substance. That is, according to Davidson, all mental events are a part of the physical realm. Furthermore, Anomalous Monism, also known as the token-identity theory, is Davidson’s attempt to rectify the problem of the mind-body relationship – whichRead MoreThe History Monism : Theory That Attempts And Explain The Mind : Body Dualist View911 Words   |  4 Pagesaddresses. Firstly that mental events and interactions produce physical events. Secondly, that mental events do not abide by physical laws or guidelines. We will look at Davidson’s theory in detail as well as explore his defensive arguments throughout the course of this paper. Anomalous monism claims three specific things which it uses to describe the mind – body problem, as well as separate itself from other theories. They are as follows: mental events cause physical ones, causal interactions can beRead MoreKim V. Searle832 Words   |  4 Pagesset of facts (materially closed universe, constant physical laws) Jaegwon Kim’s view on mental causation is radically different from Searle’s, because they approach the issue from different philosophical perspectives. Neither is wrong, if you reason using their principles. Neither is right, if you reason using the opposing principles. Kim’s principles are this: mental states are macrostates (which may be multiply realized), supervenient on physical microstates. This supervenience can be seen as aRead MoreThe Article Epiphenomenal And Supervenient Causation1183 Words   |  5 Pagesaccount for mental causation. He argues three main claims: that macro causation should be viewed as epiphenomenal causation, that macro causation as epiphenomenal causation should be explained as â€Å"supervenient causation†, and that psychological causation involving psychological events is plausibly assimilated to macro causation. (pg. 259). His claims attempt to resolve the puzzle of how psychological causal relations belong within a physically closed causal system. The Physically Closed Causal SystemRead MorePhilosophy: Descartes Views on the Differentiation Between the Mind and the Body 897 Words   |  4 PagesDescartes views on the differentiation between the mind and the body has given rise to much thought regar ding the interaction between these supposedly distinct substances. Through examining correlations between Princess Elizabeth of Bohemia it is evident that Descartes himself struggled to plausibly identify the interaction among the mental and material in relation to causation. This essay will investigate Elizabeth’s quires into the causational relationship between the mind and body by explaining andRead MoreA Relationship Between Physical Properties And Mental Properties1399 Words   |  6 PagesThe relationship between the physical and the mental is an issue that philosophers have pondered for centuries, and this issue still remains relevant today. In the attempt to determine the relationship between physical properties and mental properties two schools of thoughts emerged: Monism and Dualism. People who subscribe to monism believe physical properties, such as color and location, as well as mental properties, such as emotions and beliefs, are all one entity. Materialisms, th e most popularRead MoreThe Three Concepts Of Donald Davidsons Anomalous Monism1359 Words   |  6 PagesDavidson’s Mental Events, challenges how we discuss mind-body interactions. The thesis presented by Davidson, is that of Anomalous Monism, which attempts to answer the causality of mental and physical events. Differing from forms of the more common Dualism, Davidson accepts monism as the best way to describe the mind-body relationship. Meaning he accepts token identity and rejects type-identity. Davidson’s argument consists of three key principles. The first being the Principle of Causal InteractionRead MoreThe Theory And Identity Theory, And Deal With The Multiple Realisability Argument1690 Words   |  7 Pagesand the brain are identical, as the mind exists only as a property of the brain. David Lewis and D.M Armstrong give support for the causal relationship between mind and brain states in the form of the identity theory, and deal with the multiple realisabili ty argument provided by Hillary Putman. Gottlob Frege provides his support for materialism by showing that mental states are determined by the function of the brain, while discounting Thomas Nagel’s argument which proposes the idea of Qualia. BothRead MoreUsing Material From Smart And Armstrong1378 Words   |  6 Pageswill attempt first, explain what â€Å"Mental states are identical to physical brain states† means in philosophical context. Second, I will explain the motivations of the type-identity thesis (Occam s Razor, and explanation of the casual efficiency of mental states) using material from Smart and Armstrong. Third, I will go onto examining type-identity thesis merits (how it solves Descartes problem of mind and body and how it allows us to derive the casual role of mental phenomena) and drawbacks (violation

Shanghai Tang Case Study - 1146 Words

comfortable, the design will not sell. Also, when designing, there must be knowledge about what target market the company is trying to attract. For example, cultures need to be considered. This is where the business teams conduct research on the market to see what new trends are happening. According to the case, the 2007 Summer designs were quite sheer. The international retail director, Catherine Belletty, â€Å"found that customers in Japan and other Asian markets† do not like the sheer material (Chua Eccles, 2009). This results in apparel going on sale; therefore, results in a decrease in cash flow. Both groups play a tremendous role in the organization at Shanghai Tang. However, it is just more beneficial for the business people to be†¦show more content†¦The personal vision that interest Le Masne is to maintain a positive work environment that increases innovation and creativity to an even higher level than before. Vision matters for the individual and the organ ization as is can promote a positive work environment and drive work efficiencies. As for the strategy in accomplishing their vision, it seems to be having a negative effect on the workplace. There are negative attitudes in the place of work. For example, when the business people provide feedback to the designers after observing the designs and styles, the meetings tend to get heated with everyone expressing their opinions. To ensure that there is progression being made toward the vision of the organization, goal setting and feedback should be used. According to Gary Lathem, using goal setting theory can be one of the most practical ways of increasing employee motivation (2009, p. 159). In providing both positive SMART goals and positive feedback to designers, this will help increase â€Å"the organization’s performance, followers’ performance, and followers’ attitudes† (Kirkpatrick, 2009. p. 368). Lastly, another question that should be evaluated is â€Å"What should the executive chairman, Raphael Le Masne, do next?† Le Masne should first develop his leadership skills. One leadership style that Le Masne may want toShow MoreRelatedShanghai Tang Case Study2067 Words   |  9 PagesCase Study Shanghai Tang: The first Global Chinese Luxury Brand? 1) What is a luxury brand? A luxury brand is a brand that consumer associates it with luxury. Most of its products are luxury goods. It includes brands whose names are associated with luxury, high price, or high quality goods. A luxury brand is associated with sophistication (1 out of 5 brand related dimensions). Brands that are considered upper class and charming, high in sophistication dimension scale: E.g CartierRead MoreShanghai Tang Case Study Essay852 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Shanghai Tang – Case Study With regard to the problem of the lack of a creative director, we suggest a variety of solutions. 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Shanghai Tang’s competitionRead MoreCase Study : Managing Creativity At Shanghai Tang1444 Words   |  6 Pages MGMT 6802 Exam 2 Managing Creativity at Shanghai Tang - Case Analysis Prepared for: Dr. McMillan Prepared by: Whitney Whitson 1. What does it mean to be an international luxury brand? The luxury brand industry is a $60 billion a year industry. Le Masne (owner) 2. What are the key tensions and challenges at Shanghai Tang? How did they come about? The challenges that Shanghai Tang is facing is in all actuality not dissimilar to what other companies in the fashion industry face. ThereRead MoreManaging Creativity At Shanghai Tang1470 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizational behavior can simply be defined as a study of social psychology in the workplace. Organizational behavior can focus on concepts which include: leadership, personality traits, teamwork, motivation, decision-making, or leading organizational change. As a manager, having knowledge of various concepts of organizational behavior can promote effective teamwork and can also drive efficiencies in company goal setting. The case, â€Å"Managing Creativity at Shanghai Tang,† shows a company experiencing some issuesRead MoreCase Study Cultural Considerations of Shanghai Disneyland1735 Words   |  7 PagesConsiderations of the Opening of Shanghai Disneyland Case Study Assignment 2 Course Coordinator – IBS210 – The Principals of International Business Tutorial – Student – Due Date – 22 April, 2013 Word Count – 1031 words (excluding references) Cultural Considerations of the Opening of Shanghai Disney Shanghai Disneyland resort opening 2015 will have the biggest and tallest Cinderella castle in the world. The key players are the Chinese government, Disney, Shanghai Shendi Group and Mike CrawfordRead MoreThe Treatment Of Major Depression2837 Words   |  12 Pages Lake J.(2001) expain the treatment protocol. Hospitalization is required when symptom severity impairs daily functioning or the patient is suicidal. The goals of hospitalization are safety, medical evaluation, and psychiatric stabilization. In cases where there is no previous psychiatric history, a through medical workup is performed to rule out or identify possible biological causes. Identified causative biological factors are corrected when possible, and any non-resolving acute psychiatric symptomsRead MoreThe Problems Of Mattel s Failed Barbie Venture878 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2009, Mattel opened a store celebrating 50 years of Barbie in Shanghai, China. Two years and 30 million dollars later Mattel closed the sto re (Wang, 2012). An analysis of the case study for Mattel’s failed Barbie venture reveals international marketing must observe local norms and cultural standards in order to be successful overseas (Nemani, 2011). 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A case study of Syria- European Refugee Crisis

Question: You are required to carry out an original piece of research on an agreed topic (European refugee crisis ( a case study of syria) ) related to media representations of either a political or social issue. Using Mixed Method Your Research Project should Focus on a specific problem or issue Relate the problem or issue to the relevant literature Have a reasoned research design Provide an analytical and critical approach to the literature and topic Maintain scholarly standards throughout Use sound arguments with valid and reliable evidence Answer: Background of the research One of the moist important problems that the world is facing currently is the problem with the refugees. The host counties are having a tough time accommodating the refugees. The refugees are facing problems in the process of relocation (Siddiqui, 2015). Loss of lives and health problems are some of the common problems that are related with the refugees. On the other hand, the host countries are suffering from economic downturn (Straubhaar, 2015). The European countries are some of the countries in the world, which are suffering from problem like space issues and economic problems while supporting the refugees (Fernndez-Huertas Moraga and Rapoport, 2015). In addition this, the European countries are unable to give proper medical support to the he refugees as they are going in number with the passage of time. However, refugees come to the European countries from all over the world; the refugees from Syria are the largest in number. The recent case study of Aylan Kurdi highlighted the problems that the refugees are facing while relocating from one country to another (Arndt, 2015). This research project will throw light on the specific problem or issue of space and economic crisis faced by the European countries while accommodating the refugees. In addition to this, the research will throw light on the specific problems and issues that the refugees face while travelling to another country. Research aim The aim of this research is to study the crisis faced by the European countries while accommodating as well as the problems faced by the Syrian refugees while relocating to other countries. In addition to this, the research also aims at find out the measures that will be adopted to combat the problems faced by the refugees as well as the European countries. Research objective As it has already been discussed that the problems of the refugees is increasing at a fast rate. Hence, it is required that the project should have certain specific objectives so that it becomes easier for the researcher to reach the desired outcome. The objectives of this research work are: To find out the problems faced by the European countries while accommodating the refuges from Syria To find out the problems face by the refuges from Syria while travelling to the European countries To find out various ways that can be adopted by the countries to combat the problems of the refugees Research questions Once the research objectives are taken care, the research questions help the researcher to follow a proper and path to complete the research work. The research questions that will be taken into consideration for the completion of the project are: What are the problems faced by the European countries while accommodating he Syrian refugees in the country? What are the problems faced by the Syrian refugees while travelling form one country to another? What are the measures that need to be taken care of to solve the issues related to the problems of the refugees? Literature review The refugee crisis is one such crisis, which the world is facing currently. Due to the social and political problems, the citizens of a particular country are forced to migrate to some other countries (Case of M.S.S. v. Belgium and Greece European Court of Human Rights, 2011). In such a situation, both the citizens who are migrating and the countries where the citizens are migrating, face a problem. The worst affected citizens hail from Syria and the countries from Europe are the most affected one when it comes to accommodating the refugees (McDonough and Tsourdi, 2012). Much has been written about the Syrian three-year-old boy, Aylan Kurdi. The images of Aylan Kurdi have caught the media attention when the lifeless body of the boy was found ashore in the Turkish beach. The body of three-year-old Aylan was washed ashore when he and his family were traveling in a small rubber boat to Greece, a country in Europe which is facing a tough time in accommodating the refugees (Cohen, 2011). The image of the boy in blue shorts, read shirt and a pair of sneakers became a symbol of hardships that the Syrians had to face due to the four-year-old conflict that is going on in the country. Figure 1: the image of the lifeless Syrian boy Aylan Kurdi (Source: Cbsnews.com, 2015) Aylan not only died alone in the family. His brother Galip who was five-years-old and his other Rehan also died along with him. Due to the death of the three members the family, Aylans father, Abdullah Kurdi recorded a message which he dedicated to the world. However, the family died while migrating to one of the European countries, he wants the world to open the doors to the Syrians. According to him, it is difficult to cope when someone shuts the door in the face. The Syrians feel the same way. They are migrating to other countries out of fear of life and they expect some amount of sympathy from the other countries in the world. Figure 2: Abdullah Kurdi, father of Aylan Kurdi (Source: Cbsnews.com, 2015) Aylan and his family have taken shelter in Turkey after they fled from Syria. On early September 2015, they tried to make a desperate attempt to reach Greece in order to reach a safe place to stay. The boat overturned when the person who was handling the boat abandoned the vessel in the middle of the sea. It was Abdullah who was left to handle the boat in the mid sea, which eventually led to the overturn. Over a million refugees, not only from Syria but also from the countries like Afghanistan and Iraq have fled to the countries in the European Union in the year 2015 (Naqvi, 2012). It has been recorded that more than 3700 people either died or went missing in the process of migration in the dangerous journey that they undertake while migrating from their own country to another country (Alexander, 2015). The smugglers around the world are hugely benefited due to the relocation of the refugees as said by IOM (International Organization for Migration). The local governments of the countries in Europe are also having a tough time in accommodating the Syrians. More than 30 governors have said that they would not receive any migrants from Syria (Cbsnews.com, 2015). The threat of the Syrian migrants took a serious turn when one of the gunmen involved in the Paris attacks possessed a fake Syrian passport. The gunman used the fake passport to enter Europe by posing as a refugee. The population of the refugees hailing from Syria has increased to a great extent. During the period of July 2014 and July 2015, it has been recorded that over 210,000 applications have been received for the asylum in the European countries from Syria (Horstmann, 2011). The UNHCR has recorded that the number of applications in the month of June has crossed 28,000 and in the month of July, it has crossed 32,000 (Kirici, 2015). The number of Syrian refugees has increased to such an extent that the asylum system in Greece and Hungary has now come to a halt. The government of Hungary is now building a wall along the Serbian border to stop further immigration of the refugees (Novotn, 2015). As most of the parts of Syria is under the control of the Islamic states, hence there is no probable chance of the country to come out of the clutches of the Islamic states in the near future. 7.6 million Syrians who have moved to safer places within the country and more than 4.2 million Syrians have migrated to the foreign lands (Willgress, 2015). The European refugee crisis is another example where the international community has failed to share the burden of the neighboring states and countries (Horstmann, 2011). The international refugees system was build with the idea that the international countries should share the burden of the refugees equally and it is not the burden of one particular country. Until the developed countries come forward to take help, the nation it will be difficult to handle the crisis of the refugees. It is true that the developed countries are also facing problems to handle the increasing population of the refugees, yet it is the duty of the developed countries to help the refugees of the affected countries. The literature review and the case study of the Syrian refugee, Aylan Kurdi will act as the secondary data for the research project. The literature review also points pot the specific problems faced by the refugees in the European countries. Moreover, the problems that are being faced but the European countries will is also highlighted in the literature review. Based in the on the data retrieved in the literature review the research design will be determined which will have a mixed method (Tight and Huisman, 2013). The message given to the world by Aylans father, Abdullah and the statistical data that will be presented in the research methodology will help the researchers to carry out a quantitative as well as qualitative analysis (Wrycza, 2011). Research methodology To complete the research project that deals with the Syrian refugees and the refugee crisis faced by the European countries, it is necessary that the secondary data be used. It is not possible to carry out the research by retrieving the primary data, as it will not be possible for the researcher to talk to the refugees or the higher officials of the European countries regarding the problems that they are facing (Goodson, Loveless and Stephens, 2012). Hence, the case study of Aylan Kurdi and the message of Abdullah Kurdi will act as the data for the qualitative analysis. In addition to this, the statistical data that will be presented in this section will act the quantitative data for the research work (Hoecke, 2011). Hence, mixed method that will take into consideration the quantitative as well as the qualitative approach will be used to complete the research work (Noble and Bestley, 2011). As it has been discussed about the research objective that the main themes of the research work are: Theme 1: The problems faced by the European countries while accommodating the refugees The graphs that will be presented in this section that will indicate the growing number of refugees in the European countries. Eventually, the going number of refugees is making it impossible for the European countries to make space for refugees in the country (Green, 2015). Theme 2: The problems faced by the Syrian refugees while relocating to other countries The problems that the Syrian refuges are facing are presented thought the case study of Aylan Kurdi. The number of refugees from Syria is rising to such an extent that the refugees are dying while travelling from one place to another (Fijnaut, 2015). Figure 3: asylum claims in the year 2015 (Source: BBC News, 2015) The above image shows the asylum claims is highest in Germany out of all the European countries where the Syrian refugees migrate. The total number of asylum claims has reached a number of 942,400 in the month of September to November in the year 2015. Figure 4: asylum application per 100,000 local populations (Source: BBC News, 2015) However, Germany has received the highest application for the asylum seekers. More than 1450 refugees per 100,000 Hungarys local population claimed to stay in the country. In the first half of the year 2015, Hungary holds the highest population of refugees out of all the European countries (Grey, 2015). For Germany, it was 323 and for the United Kingdom, it was 30 applications. However, the number of applications increased in the case of Germany. Figure 5: application for asylums from different counties in the European countries (Source: BBC News, 2015) The above graphs show the counties around the world which have applied in the European countries. The graphs show that between the period of January and October in the year 2015, the number of refugees from Syria has been the highest. Almost 180,000 fist time applicants who have applied for the asylum in the European countries in these10 months. The European countries are already feeling the pressure of the refugees on the countries economic conditions and resources (Gulland, 2015). Out of all the European countries, Hungary, Italy and Greece are the most affected countries where the refugees arrive through boat and overland. In the month of September, the ministers from the various European countries have voted to relocate 120,000 refugees to other countries of Europe from the three above-mentioned countries. However, the reversed plan has been implemented where the number has been reduced to 66,000. The refuges will be mainly from Italy and Greece who will be relocated to other European countries (Krsteska, 2015). The remaining 54,000 refugees will be moved from Hungary but the government is yet to decide where to relocate them as other countries are also facing problem in giving place for the refugees to stay. Figure 6: resettlement Figure 6: plan for the refuges (Source: BBC News, 2015) The above graph shows that Germany is currently the main choice for the ministers for the resettlement of the refugees. Germany will hold the maximum number of migrants both from Italy as well as from Greece. Though the United Kingdom was not ready to accept the refugees in the country, yet, the home offices figures show that there are 1000 Syrian refugees who have been relocated to the United Kingdom under the Vulnerable Person Relocation Scheme. However, to share the burden of the refugees, David Cameron, prime minister of the United Kingdom will accept the 20,000 refugees from Syria in the next five years (Nancheva, 2015). Figure 7: the number of asylum grants to the refugees in the year 2014 (Source: BBC News, 2015) In the year 2014, the European countries offered asylum to 184,655 refugees. In the year 2014, there are 570,000 refugees applied for asylums. As applications for the asylum system is a lengthy process, hence, some of the figures might include those application that have been applied in the ear 2013 (Pope, 2015). There are various ways how the migrants get into the European countries, the waterways as the main route through which the migrants get into the European countries. In the year 2015, between January and November, 920,000 migrants have entered the European countries. Thus, it can be seen that the pressure from the refugees from Syria is building on the European countries gradually. The European countries being open to the sea routes are more open to the refugees who are entering in the state through boats. The refugees have no other options as many of them do not have a valid passport and takes the sea route. The tragedy with Aylan Kurdi happened due to the overcrowded boat that was carrying Aylan and his family. Aylan is just a single case out of the millions refugees who lose their lives during the relocation. Findings of the study After completing the research on the refugee crisis and taking a note of the problems faced by the Syrian refugees by determining the case study of a Syrian boy Aylan Kurdi it can be said that the social problems are the main reason that give rise to problems of the refugees (Schiermeier, 2015). The growing number of the refugees can be seen from the increasing number of asylum applications that the European countries are receiving since the year 2013. The data revealed that the number of refugees from Syria is the highest. However, Germany is receiving the highest number of application for the asylum claims, yet is Hungary, which currently holds the highest population of the refugees. In addition to this, the countries are unable to cope with the growing number of refugees that Hungary has even thought of building a wall to prevent the refugees from entering the countries. Conclusions and Recommendations To solve the problems of the refuges it is necessary to go deep into the issue that make the citizens of one country to relocate to another country. The main problem that Syria is facing is the civil war that is going on in the country from the past four to five years. The government of Syria needs to be strong and take necessary measures to rid of the Islamic countries so that they can restore the peace and harmony of the country. It is the duty of the neighboring developed counties to extend their help to Syria and help the government to maintain peace and harmony in the country. The need of a stronger government is the current necessity for Syria. Once the Syria is able to bring back the peace then only the citizens will not have to move out of the country and live the life like the refugees. References Alexander, M. (2015). DEBUNKED: The European Refugee Crisis and Syria Explained. [online] The Right Stuff. Available at: https://therightstuff.biz/2015/09/25/debunked-the-european-refugee-crisis-and-syria-explained/ [Accessed 29 Dec. 2015]. Arndt, S. (2015). Young Childrens Education and Identity: A response to the European refugee crisis.Educational Philosophy And Theory,47(13-14), 1377-1378. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2015.1100905 BBC News, (2015). Migrant crisis: Migration to Europe explained in graphics - BBC News. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34131911 [Accessed 29 Dec. 2015]. Case of M.S.S. v. Belgium and Greece European Court of Human Rights. (2011). International Journal of Refugee Law, 23(2), pp.288-403. Cbsnews.com, (2015). Father of drowned Syrian tot makes heartfelt plea. [online] Available at: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/father-of-drowned-syrian-tot-makes-heartfelt-plea/ [Accessed 29 Dec. 2015]. Cohen, R. (2011). Screening Strangers: Migration and Diaspora in Contemporary European Cinema. By Yosefa Loshitzky. Journal of Refugee Studies, 24(1), pp.214-216. Fernndez-Huertas Moraga, J., and Rapoport, H. (2015). Tradable Refugee-admission Quotas (TRAQs), the Syrian Crisis and the new European Agenda on Migration.IZA J Labor Stud,4(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40174-015-0045-y Fijnaut, C. (2015). The Refugee Crisis: The End of Schengen?.European Journal Of Crime, Criminal Law And Criminal Justice,23(4), 313-332. https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718174-23032076 Goodson, I., Loveless, A. and Stephens, D. (2012).Explorations in narrative research. Rotterdam: SensePublishers. Green, A. (2015). Violence in Burundi triggers refugee crisis.The Lancet,386(9994), 639-640. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)61489-1 Grey, J. (2015). The Current Refugee Crisis.AMQST,12(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.15695/amqst.v12i1.4145 Gulland, A. (2015). The refugee crisis: what care is needed and how can doctors help?.BMJ, h4881. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h4881 Hoecke, M. (2011).Methodologies of legal research. Oxford: Hart Pub. Horstmann, A. (2011). Ethical Dilemmas and Identifications of Faith-Based Humanitarian Organizations in the Karen Refugee Crisis. Journal of Refugee Studies, 24(3), pp.513-532. Kirici, K. (2015). Why 100,000s of Syrian refugees are fleeing to Europe. [online] The Brookings Institution. Available at: https://www.brookings.edu/blogs/order-from-chaos/posts/2015/09/03-eu-refugee-crisis-kirisci [Accessed 29 Dec. 2015]. Krsteska, M. (2015). The European Union And The Migrant And Refugee Crisis In Europe.Theijsshi. https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v2i12.01 McDonough, P. and Tsourdi, E. (2012). The "Other" Greek Crisis: Asylum and Eu Solidarity. Refugee Survey Quarterly, 31(4), pp.67-100. Nancheva, N. (2015). The Common European Asylum System and the failure to protect: Bulgarias Syrian refugee crisis.Southeast European And Black Sea Studies, 1-17. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2015.1093372 Naqvi, T. (2012). Migration, Sacrifice and the Crisis of Muslim Nationalism. Journal of Refugee Studies, 25(3), pp.474-490. Noble, I. and Bestley, R. (2011).Visual research. Lausanne: AVA Publishing. Novotny, V. (2015). Refugee crisis In Focus: towards better cooperation between Europes national governments. European View, 14(2), pp.321-321. Pope, M. (2015). Responding to the refugee crisis.Seced,2015(26), 7-7. https://dx.doi.org/10.12968/sece.2015.26.7 Schiermeier, Q. (2015). German researchers pledge help in refugee crisis.Nature,528(7582), 320-321. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/528320a Siddiqui, S. (2015). Medicine, Morality and the Refugee Crisis.Asian Bioethics Review,7(4), 420-421. https://dx.doi.org/10.1353/asb.2015.0031 Straubhaar, T. (2015). Towards a European Refugee Policy.Intereconomics,50(5), 238-239. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10272-015-0549-8 Tight, M. and Huisman, J. (2013).Theory and method in higher education research. Bradford: Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Willgress, L. (2015). Body of young refugee girl washes up on a Turkish beach. [online] Mail Online. Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3350009/While-world-looks-way-Body-young-refugee-girl-washes-shores-Turkey-migrant-crisis-shows-no-sign-slowing.html [Accessed 29 Dec. 2015]. Wrycza, S. (2011).Research in systems analysis and design. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.